BASICS (what is geography, regional concept, techniques, & human geography concepts)
4 Traditions

5 Themes

Divisions (Human/Physical)

Process & Pattern

Spatial Science

Regional Concept
     Types of Regions

Landscapes

Location
     Absolute
          Latitude-Longitude
     Relative

Time Zones

Distance

Density

Diffusion
         Types

Directions
         Cardinal

Projections
         Properties (shape-distance)

Scale
    Types
    As a concept

Types of Maps

Remote Sensing
         Active
         Passive

GIS

Demographic Transition Model
         Stages & Related Development Issues

population perspectivers
    Malthus
    Technology Thesis (Optimistic)
    Socially Produced Scarcity

Population Metrics & Rates
    Population Pyramids
         Age-Gender Cohorts
 

PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
Climate v. Weather
     Spatial and Temporal Differences

Broad Climate Types & Their General Geography
         Tropical
          Mid-Latitude (East v. West)
         Polar

3 Major Factors for Global Temperature Differences
     Latitude
     Altitude
     Land/Water Interaction

High & Low Pressure Systems
     Direction and Temperature of Air

ITCZ

Global Circulation
     Interconnectivity
 

3 Principle Forces Behind the Physical Landscape (Topography)
(1) degradation (erosion/weathering etc…)
(2) deposition (glaciers, deltas, etc…)
(3) tectonic (crashing, slipping, subducting plates etc…)

Natural Resources
     Defined by People
     Associated with defined social, political, & economic benefits

Natural Hazards
     Interrupt Natural Resource Utilization
    Result of the unique ways society interacts and alters nature and the natural environment (both positive and negative)

Vulnerability to Natural Hazards
    Differential vulnerability across space and society based on the ability of individuals or groups of individuals to cope with loss.
    Vulnerability varies based on:
        (1) physical exposure
        (2) social, economic, and political exposure
        class, marginalization, ethnicity, access to coping
        infrastructures (i.e., insurance, family networks)

NEW WORLD ORDER & DEVELOPMENT ISSUES
The dominant model of economic, political, and cultural development has been based on the historical experience of Western or Core nation-states (i.e., Democracy, Capitalism, & Christianity).

Rostow’s--March Towards Modernization
 Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary

Modes of Production
 Slavery, Feudalism, Mercantilism, Capitalism, and Socialism

Political Systems
Monarchy, Oligarchy/Aristocracy, Authoritarian/Dictatorship, Democracy/Republic, Social Democracy/Socialism, “Communism”

Measures of Development           Other Economic Terms/Concepts
 HDI, GDI, LR, GNP, GDP               Import/Export, Basic/Non-Basic, Primar, Secondary, Tertiary, & Quaternary

Gross Global Divisions based on “Development”
 N/S, E/W, Brandt’s Line, Occident/Orient

“Old” Global Order
     Cold War—Brandt’s Line
         1st World
         2nd World
         3rd World

New Global Order
1. Economic Systems
 How people produce, distribute, and consume goods/services
2. Political Systems
 How power is distributed, people governed, and policy made
3. Cultures
Signs, Symbols, and Shared Meanings associated with language and religion

Core-Periphery Interactions/Relationships
-Uneven distribution of power and wealth between states, nations, and people
-Based primarily on the economic, political, and cultural values of Core nations
 

REGIONS

General for all Regions
Identify core-periphery relationship at multiple scales
Know sub-regions & states within sub-regions
Major Water Bodies & Rivers
Mountains & Tectonic Activity
Natural Hazards
Interesting Climate Features (if any)
Major Indigenous Culture Groups
Glacial Features
Major Cities
Colonial Actors (if any)
Population Issues & Geography

Africa South of the Sahara
Desertification

Major Colonial Powers by Sub-region

Missionary Influences & Impacts

Importance of Natural Hazards
        Famine

Transitioning Economies
     Changing Modes of Production

AIDS Pandemic

Primate Cities (Headlinks)

Civil War—Ethnic Strife
 Hutu & Tutsi

Identity Issues
 Pre- & Post-Colonial
 Pan African?

Apartheid

North Africa-SW Asia
Junction of Human & Physical Geographies

Israeli-Palestinian Issues
     Contemporary & Historical Context

Birthplace of Religion
     Judaism, Christianity, Islam

Landscapes

Religions & Political Merge

OPEC

Cradle of Civilization—Fertile Crescent

Fundamentalism & Theocracy
     Political Development

Water?

Southern Asia
Colonial History

Pakistan-Bangladesh: A shared history

Indian Independence
     INC & ML
    Religion & politics

Caste System
 Role of Race
 Religious Issues

Monsoon

Green revolution

Contemporary Issues
 Taliban
 Kashmir Issues & Incidents

Cottage-based Industrial Development
 Labor issues

Rural v. Urban Landscapes

Population Issues

Micro v. Macro Development Issues

E. Asia
NICs, Tigers

International Division of Labor

Ring of Fire

Eastern Asian Ethos
     3 Components

Dynastic Kingdoms
     China
     Thailand
     Cambodia
     Japan

Colonial Influence
     “Outposts”
     Indo-China

One China Policy
     Taiwan & China

Mao & Related Histories
         Great Leap Forward
         Cultural revolution
        Nationalists

China in Transition
         Tiananmen Sq.
         Open Cities
         Hong Kong
         Macao

Urbanization

Vietnam & related Issues
         French
         US

Khmer Rouge (Pol Pot)

Japan
         Commodore Perry
         Meiji Restoration
         MITI
         Zaibatsu

Conurbation

Major Issues
         Population
         Self-determination
         Chinese Markets

Latin America
Portuguese v. Spanish Colonialism

Structure of Spanish Colonialism
 Social
 Economic

Modes of Production
 Feudalism
 Slavery

Altitudinal Zonation

Slash & Burn (swidden) Agriculture
 Great March Westward

NAFTA

Eastern Europe
Cold War
 Yalta
 Berlin Blockade
 Berlin Wall
 Iron Curtain
 Second World
         Soviets & Satellites

Post-Cold War
 Begins w/ Perestroika & Glasnost
 Ends in 1989 w/ fall of Berlin Wall

Russia & New States
 Transitioning Economies
 Struggling ‘democracies’
 Struggles over cultural & political landscapes

Balkanization
    Ancient Process
     Former Yugoslavia
          Ethnic Enclaves, States & New Nations
         Ethnic Cleansing

October Revolution
     Communism without Industrial Capital
      Leap from feudalism
      Centralized—Authoritarian Outcome

Other Ethnic-Political Issues

Fundamentalism throughout Central Asia

“Runaway” Republics and Terrorism

“Mothers” Movement in Russia
 

Western Europe
Role of Resources & Waterways

Birthplace of Industrial Capital

Old World Core

Agglomeration Economies
 Industrialization

Urban Form
 Intensively developed cores

EU
    Future of Eastern Europe in EU & a united Europe
    Euro
    Sovereignty Issues

Tolerance Issues
 Neo-Nazis

Anglo-America
Common History of US & Canada

Major Differences
 Melting Pot v. Mosaic
 Bilingualism

Sub-Regions of US & Canada

Major Cities

NAFTA

Urban Form
 Hallow urban cores

Politics of Canada
    Consociational Governing Style
    Quebec Issue

South Pacific-Australia
Colonial Context
Antarctic Claims
Major Culture Groups